Exotic phases of matter

Most people learn about three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. Physics knows dozens more, and new ones keep appearing. In 2026, researchers at Brown University and the University of Michigan used silver nanoparticles shaped like truncated octahedra to freeze a theoretical phase of matter into a physical material, creating a superlattice that exhibits strong quantum light-matter coupling at room temperature. Around the same time, physicists at the University of Colorado Boulder made the first time crystal visible to the naked eye, a liquid crystal whose internal stripes ripple periodically in time, not just in space. These are not incremental improvements. They are entirely new states of matter that were predicted only on paper until someone figured out how to build them.


Future computing

The physical limits of silicon transistors are approaching. One alternative is to use light instead of electricity. Engineers at Monash University built a nanoscale circuit that processes information using light particles at room temperature, handling two data streams simultaneously. The chip, based on photonic valleytronics, represents a practical step toward computing architectures that do not rely on moving electrons through wires. The same quantum effects that make the superlattice and the time crystal strange also make them useful: if you can control how electrons move and interact, you can build devices that do more with less energy.


Frontiers of physics

Sometimes physics goes in directions that sound more like philosophy than science. One team of theoretical physicists solved Einstein's equations and found that when a massive star collapses, the result may not be a black hole at all. Instead, a tiny expanding universe could be born inside the collapsing star, powered by dark energy, with the event horizon replaced by a shell of ordinary matter. The idea, called a gravastar, is speculative but mathematically consistent. It shows that even our best-tested theories can still produce surprises when pushed to their limits.